Mass Defect and Binding Energy

IMPORTANT

Mass Defect and Binding Energy: Overview

This topic covers concepts, such as Pair Production, Pair Annihilation, Mass Defect, Binding Energy, Binding Energy per Nucleon, Dependence of Nuclear Stability on Binding Energy per Nucleon, Mass Spectrometer, etc.

Important Questions on Mass Defect and Binding Energy

EASY
IMPORTANT

The plot of the binding energy per nucleon versus the mass number A for a large number of nuclei,  2A240  is shown in Fig. In which range the binding energy per nucleon is constant?

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EASY
IMPORTANT

The plot of the binding energy per nucleon versus the mass number A for a large number of nuclei,   2A240  is shown in Fig. In which range the binding energy per nucleon is constant?

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EASY
IMPORTANT

Calculate the energy released in MeV in the following nuclear reaction :<

92 238 U   90 234 Th+   2 4 He+Q

[Mass of   92 238 U = 238.05079 u]

Mass of   90 234 Th = 234.043630 u

Mass of   2 4 He  = 4.002600 u

1 u = 931.5 MeV

EASY
IMPORTANT

Calculate the binding energy per nucleon of  20 40 Ca nucleus.

Given:

Mass of  2040Ca=39.962589 u,

Mass of proton =1.007825 u,

1 u=931 MeVc2 and

Mass of neutron=1.008665 u

EASY
IMPORTANT

The value of binding energy per nucleon of   20 40 Ca nucleus is

Given:

Mass of   20 40 Ca nucleus =39.962589u

Mass of proton =1.007825u

Mass of neutron =1.008665u

and 1 u=931 MeV C-2

EASY
IMPORTANT

The binding energies per nucleon for deuteron (H21) and helium (He42) are 1.1 MeV and 7.0 MeV respectively. The energy released when two deuterons fuse to form a helium nucleus (He42) is

EASY
IMPORTANT

In the nuclear process, C611B511+β++X, X stands for _______

EASY
IMPORTANT

In the following, column I lists some physical quantities and the column II gives approximate energy values associated with those. Choose appropriate values of energies as per the choices given below

  Column I   Column II
i Energy of thermal neutrons a 3eV
ii Binding energy per nucleon b 10keV
iii Energy of X-rays c 8MeV
iv Photoelectric threshold of a meta d 0.025eV
    e 1eV
    f 0.8eV

 

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

The above is a plot of binding energy per nucleon Eb, against the nuclear mass M; A, B, C, D, E, correspond to different nuclei. Consider four reactions :

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(i) A+BC+ε
(ii) CA+B+ε
(iii) D+EF+ε and

(iv) FD+E+ε 

where ε is the energy released. In which reactions ε positive

HARD
IMPORTANT

Four hydrogen nuclei combine to form a helium nucleus. If the mass defect in the formation of helium is 0.5%  and one kg of hydrogen undergoes fusion to form helium, the energy released in kilowatt hour is

EASY
IMPORTANT

Two deuterons undergo fusion to form a helium nucleus as H21+H21He42+Q. Given binding energy per nucleon for H21 and He42 are 1.1 MeV and 7.00 MeV, respectively. The Q-value is

EASY
IMPORTANT

The difference between the mass of a C612 nucleus and the sum of the masses of the individual nucleons is 0.1 u. Which of the following is approximately the binding energy of the nucleus?

EASY
IMPORTANT

A star consist of deuterons. It initially has 1040 deutrons. It produces energy by the processes

H21+H21H31+p
H21+H31H2e4+n
If the average power radiated by the star is 1.6 ×1016 watt and masses of nuclei are

MH21=3AMU,  M(P)M(n)1  AMU,
MH2e4=4AMU and use approximation,
energy equivalent to 1AMU1000MeV. Find the time in which the supply of deuteron in the star is exhausted.

HARD
IMPORTANT

The mass of deuteron 1H2 nucleus is 2.0159403 u. If the masses of proton and neutron are 1.007275 u and 1.008667 u respectively, calculate the binding energy per nucleon.

EASY
IMPORTANT

Binding energy of a nucleus is,

EASY
IMPORTANT

The binding energy per nucleon is maximum in the case of,

EASY
IMPORTANT

Obtain the binding energy of a nitrogen nucleus  714N. Given m 714N=14.00307 u, mass of proton =1.00783 u, mass of neutron =1.00867 u

EASY
IMPORTANT

One requires energy En to remove a nucleon from a nucleus and an energy Ee to remove an electron from the orbit of an atom then :-

MEDIUM
IMPORTANT

If energy released per fission is 200 MeV, then the number of fission reactions of U23592 per second for the production of 1 kW power will be,

EASY
IMPORTANT

Which of the following nucleus having highest binding energy per nucleon: